Ferdinand e



a Shts-Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

F. B. GANDA.

GAR DOOR.

Patented aniz, 1894.

INVENTOH W/ TNE SSE S:

A TTOHNE Y S.

ms NATIONAL LITNOBRAPHING cnmPAmn.

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3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

P. E. CANDA! UAR DOOR.

Patented Jan. 2, 1894.

[I Ill.

INVENTOR WITNESSES.

A TTOHNEYS.

ms mmcmu. LITNOGRAPHING COMPANY,

wAsnmercu. n. c.

(No Model.) s Sheets-Sheet s.

F. E. OANDA.

OAR DOOR.

No. 512.004. Patented Jan. 2, 1894.

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FEE-5% WITNESSES: INVENTOH A 7'TOHNE Y8.

m: NATIONAL umosmpmuc COMPANY.

WASH NGYON. nv c4 UNr'rnn STAT S PATENT rrron.

FERDINAND E. CANDA, OF hlElV YORK, N. Y.

CAR-DOOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 512,004, dated January2, 1894:.

Application filed January 18, 1893- Serial No. 458,807- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FERDINAND E. CANDA, of the city, county, and Stateof New York, have invented a new and Improved Car-Door, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved car door,more especially deslgned for refrigerator cars, and arranged toeffectually render the car air-tight at the door opening, or to permit afree ventilation Whenever desired.

The invention consists of certain parts and details, and combinations ofthe same. as will be hereinafter described and then pointed out in theclaims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawlngs, forming a part ofthis specification, 1n whlch similar letters of reference indicatecorresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure 1 is a sectional plan view of the improvement as applied. Fig. 2is an enlarged sectlonal plan view of the improvement show- 1n g thedoor seated in the car door opening. Fig. 3 is a like view of the sameshowing the door unseated and to one side of the car door opening, thelatter being closed by a ventilating screen door. Fig. at is a sectionalplan View of the housing for the toggle lever. Fig. 5 is a sideelevation of the same. Fig. 6 is an enlarged side elevation of theimprovement with parts broken out. Fig. 7 is a side elevatlon of part ofthe inner door. Fig.8 is a sectional side elevation of the fasteningdevice for the inner door. Fig. 9 is a transverse section of the same.Fig. 10 is an enlarged transverse section of the improvement. Fig. 11 isa face View of a modified form of the actuatingdevice for the outerdoor. Fig. 12 1s an enlarged sectional plan view of the same on thelines 12-12 of Fig. 11; and Fig. 13 is a sectional plan view of amodified form of the improvement.

Doors for refrigerator cars as at present constrncted, are usuallyattached to the car body with hinges and are usually made to swingoutward, and from experience it has been found almost impossible to keepthem in ad- 3' ustment owing to their excessive weight, and also fromany undue strains in the body of the car, they sag, thereby failing toproperly seal the opening or accomplish the uses for which they aredesigned. It therefore follows that the temperature adjoining such doorscannot be uniformly maintained with the balance of the interior of thecar, however perfect the insulation may otherwise be. The result is thatfrequent, large and serious loss follows, particularly to fresh meats orother perishable articles, which may occupy a space in the center of thecar and adjoining the doors.

The object of the invention presently to be described in detail, is toovercome these serious objections and to furnish a door which isabsolutely air-tight, adjustable to any ordinary irregularity, and notaffected by any sagging of the car body,and which also enables me toconstruct a wider car and thus secure the benefits of the additionalspace adjoining the ice bunkers.

The car body A is formed in each of its sides B, with an opening 0 abouttwice the size of the car door proper, and having at its sides doorposts 0' which act as jambs connected with each other at the top by asuitable transom O as plainly indicatedin Fig. 6.

To the post 0 and transom O is secured an inner frame D consisting ofposts, D', D and D transom D, and sill or threshold D for the doorproper. See Figs. 1 and 10. In this inner frame D between posts D and Dis formed the door opening D, while the remaining part D of the frame,extending between the posts D and D is sealed up and insulated similarlyto the balance of the body of the car, as will be readily understood byreference to Fig. 3. This sealed up part D forms a recess or pocket inone side of the opening 0 to receive the car door E and its frame F ashereinafter more fully described.

A door E is adapted to be seated on suitable seats D? formed on theinner frame D around the opening D, and this door is supported on therear face of a frame F, mounted to slidelongitudinallyin theopeningOformed in the respective side B of the car body A. The door E ismounted to slide transversely on its frame F, so as to be moved from therear face of the frame F onto the seat D at the time the said frame F isin front of the door opening D hen the door E is on the back of theframe F, it extends into the opening in the side B and can be moved withthe frame F from in front of the door opening D into one side of theopeningC directly opposite the scaled up portion D of the inner frame D.The outer face of the frame F is fiush with the outer face of the side Bof the car body A, so that no projection whatever is on the side of thecar body when the door is open or closed.

In order to connect the door E with the frame F and at the same timeprovide means for sliding the door transversely from or toward theframe, to or from the door opening D, I provide sets of toggle levers Gand G connecting the door with, the frame and arranged to fold insuitable housings G secured in the said door and frame, as will bereadily understood by reference to Figs. 3, 4- and 5. The toggle leversof each set are arranged one above the other, and the pivots of thetoggle lovers are pivotally connected by links H and H respectively,with opposite ends of an arm H secured on a vertically disposed shaft I,journaled in suitable bearings I secured to the front face of the doorE.

On the shaft I, near its middle, is secured a handle arm I ,-forconveniently turning the said shaft to open and close the toggle leversG and G to move the door E transversely to and from the door opening Das above mentioned. The arm I is formed near its outer end with anaperture 1, for engagement with either of the staples I and 1 secured tothe door E at opposite sides of the shaft I. When the arm I is engagedwith either staple I or 1 a padlock or other locking device may beattached'to the projecting end of the respective staple to lock the armI in place. When the arm I is thus locked in place 011 either staple Ior 1 the door E is held in a locked posit-ion either on the frame F oron the seat D of the door frame D. See Figs. 2 and 3.

As illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12, the pivots of the toggle levers G andG, are pivotally connected with arms H and H respectively, mounted toslide longitudinally in suitable bearingsI-P attached to the front faceof the door E. The several arms H are rigidly connected with each otherby a vertically-disposed bar H and the several arms H are likewiserigidly connected with each other by abar'H The two bars H and H arepivotally-connected by links .I and J with a lever J at opposite sidesof its fulcrum J located on the front face of the door E. As the pivotalconnections of the links J and J are on opposite sides of the fulcrum Jof the lever. J the bars H and H are caused to move toward each otherwhen the said lever is moved to the right, so that the toggle levers Gand G are opened and thereby push the door E transversely away from theframe F and into the seat D on the door frame D at the time the saidframe F is in front of the door opening D WVhen the lever J is moved tothe left, the bars H and H are caused to move from each other wherebythe toggle levers G and G are closed and the door E 1s moved out of itsseat D into the opening 0 and onto the back ofthe frame F. The free endof the lever J can be locked in either above mentioned right or lefthand posltions by engaging a catch J or J on the door E.

In order to prevent the bars H and H from bending I prefer to connectthe same at or near their middle with rods J fitted to slidelongitudinally in bearings J secured to the door E and similar inconstruction to the bearings H previously described.

In order to shift the frame F with the door E longitudinally, Iprovidethe said frame at the upper end with guides L fitted to slide on alongitudinally-extending rail L attached to the under side of thetransom C Thelower end of the doorE is provided with hangers N carryingthe grooved pulleys N, mounted to travel on the longitudinally-extendingrail N arranged in the opening 0 and fastened to the sill in the bottomof the openlng 0. It will be seen that by this arrangement, the operatorhaving hold of the frame F can readily shift the latter longitudinallyso as to move the door E in front of the door opening D for closing thelatter by moving the arm I or lever J 2 to the right, as abovedescribed, or the said frame can be shifted into one s1de of the opening0, in front of the sealed part D -of the frame D when access to the car1s desired through the opening D. In order to relieve the toggle leversof the weight of the door E, I prefer to mount the latter ontransversely-extending guideways L and N formed transversely on theguides L and N respectively, the said guideways being engaged bysuitable castings E and E respectively, secured on the top and bottomedges of the door E, as plainly shown 1n Figs. 2 and 10.

In order to close the door opening'D at the inside I provide anauxiliary door K (see Figs. 7 and 10) having at its upper end hangers Kmounted to slide on a rail K secured to the inner face of the transom Dnot in use the door K is moved away from the opening D and movedopposite the scaled up part D of the door frames.

The auxiliary door K is adapted to be, moved firmly onto the inner facesof the posts D and D the sill D and the transom D by special mechanisms0 illustrated in detail in When Figs. 8 and 9, and attached to the doornear the corners thereof, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 7. Eachmechanism 0 1s provided with a recessed plate 0 secured toand arrangedflush with the outer face of the auxiliary door K and on it is pivotedthe arm 0 adapted to be either folded onto the recess of the plate 0 orswung outward to engage with its aperture an eccentric pin or stud Omounted to turn in a bearing 0 secured to the inner side of therespective post D or D Each of the eccentric pins is formed with ahandle 0 to turn the respective stud so as to cause the latter to exertan outward pull on the pivoted arm 0 whereby the auxiliary door 1s movedin the same direction until firmly seated on the inner faces of theposts D, D the sill D and transom D It will be seen that the auxiliarydoor is thus seated and locked in place by the several mechan- 1sms Oeach of which is operated from the outside of the car at the time thedoor E is moved to one side away from the opening D.

In order to properly ventilate the car when the doors E and K are not inuse and moved to one side of the door opening D ,I provide an outerventilating door Q carrying on its upper end hangers Q fitted to slideon a longitudinally-extending guide rail Q secured to'the respective carside as plainly shown in Figs. 6 and 10. On the lower end of the door Qare secured downwardly and inwardlyextending lugs or arms Q abuttingagainst the inside of a rail Q secured to the side of the car near itslower end.

The door Q is formed with a screen section Q and a solid or sealed upsection Q the entire door being of size to cover the entire opening 0 asillustrated in Figs. 1 and 3. In this case the screen section is infront of the door opening D and the sealed up section Q is in front ofthe frame F and the door E thus forming a shield for the same. Thescreen section Q permits air to pass to the interior of the car toventilate the same.

As illustrated in Fig. 13, hinged doors P may be employed on the frameD, the said hinged doors, when swung outward, folding into two pocketsin the side parts of the opening 0 in front of the sealed portions D ofthe frame D-as plainly shown in the said figure, so that the hingeddoors do not present any projection whatever on the side of the car;

It is understood that any well-known system of insulation and framingfor the car door, 850., applicable to the construction above described,may be used, and the joints of the car door with the car body can bepacked with rubber hose or any of the well-known methods for suchpacking to render the door completely air-tight.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent- 1. A car, provided with an opening in itsside, a separate door frame secured within the said opening, the saidframe having an opening adapted to receive the door, and a sealed partlocated laterally on the said opening and forming a recess or pocket inthe side of the car for the reception of the door when the same isremoved from the said opening of the frame, substantially as shownand'described.

2. In a car door, the combination with a door frame secured to the innersurface of the car side around an opening in the said side, of a dooradapted to close the opening in the said door frame, and an auxiliarydoor located inwardly of the inner surface of the car side and fitted toslide on the inner face of the said door frame, substantially as shownand described.

3. In a car door, the combination with a separate door frame secured tothe inner surface of the car side around an opening in the said carside, the said frame being formed .with a door opening and a sealedpart, of a door adapted to close the opening in the said door frame, andan auxiliary door located inwardly of the inner surface of the car sideand hung on the said door frame at the inside thereof and adapted to bemoved over the said opening or the said sealed part, substantially asshown and described.

4. In a car door, the combination with a door frame secured to the innersurface of the car side around an opening in the said side, of a dooradapted to close the opening in the said door frame, and an auxiliarydoor fitted to slide on the inner face of the said door frame, platessecured to the outer surface of the auxiliary door, apertured armspivoted on the said plates, and eccentric pins mounted to turn inbearings secured to posts forming a part of the door frame, said pinsbeing adapted to engage the apertures of the said pivoted arms, wherebythe said auxiliary door can be seated on the inner face of the said doorframe and locked thereto, as set forth.

5. The combination with a car having an opening in its side, of a doorframe surrounding the said opening and secured to the car side at theinner surface thereof, the said door frame being formed with a dooropening and a sealed part to form a pocket in one side of the said caropening, a frame fitted to slide in the said car opening, a door held totransversely slide on the said frame and a ventilating door having ascreen section, and a scaled up section of which the former is adaptedto register with the said door frame opening and the sealed up sectionis adapted to close theyfront of the said pocket to protect the saidframe and its door located in the pocket, substantially as shown anddescribed.

6. The combination with a car having an opening in its side, of a framemounted to slide longitudinally in the said opening and flush with theoutside of the car, a door located behind the said frame and supportedon guideways extending from the same, the door being mounted to slidetransversely thereon, toggle levers connecting the door with the frame,links connected with the pivots of the toggle levers, a fulcrumed arm towhich said links are pivotally connected at opposite sides of itsfulcrum, a shaft to which said arm is secured, and a handle for turningthe shaft, to move the door transversely so as to seat it in the dooropening of the car, substantially as shown and described.

'7. The combination with a car formed with IIO an opening in its side,and a separate door frame secured to the inner surface of the car atsaid opening, the said frame being formed With a door opening and with asealed part, of a frame mounted to slide longitudinally in the said sideopening, and a door mounted to slide transversely on the said frame andadapted to be seated in the door opening in said separate frame,substantially as shown and described.

FERDINAND E. CANDA. Witnesses:

THEo. G. HosTER, EDGAR TATE.

